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Freshwater prawn farming : ウィキペディア英語版
Freshwater prawn farming

A freshwater prawn farm is an aquaculture business designed to raise and produce freshwater prawns or shrimp for human consumption. Freshwater prawn farming shares many characteristics with, and many of the same problems as, marine shrimp farming. Unique problems are introduced by the developmental life cycle of the main species (the giant river prawn, ''Macrobrachium rosenbergii'').〔New, M. B.: ''(Farming Freshwater Prawns )''; FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 428, 2002. ISSN 0429-9345.〕
The global annual production of freshwater prawns (excluding crayfish and crabs) in 2003 was about 280,000 tons, of which China produced some 180,000 tons, followed by India and Thailand with some 35,000 tons each. Additionally, China produced about 370,000 tons of Chinese river crab (''Eriocheir sinensis'').〔Data extracted from the (FAO Fisheries Global Aquaculture Production Database ) for freshwater crustaceans. The most recent data sets are for 2003 and sometimes contain estimates. Accessed June 28, 2005.〕
== Species ==

All farmed freshwater prawns today belong to the genus ''Macrobrachium''. Until 2000, the only species farmed was the giant river prawn (''Macrobrachium rosenbergii'', also known as the Malaysian prawn). Since then, China has begun farming the Oriental river prawn (''M. nipponense'') in large quantities, and India farms a small amount of monsoon river prawn (''M. malcolmsonii''). In 2003, these three species accounted for all farmed freshwater prawns, about two-thirds ''M. rosenbergii'' and one-third ''M. nipponense''.
About 200 species in the genus ''Macrobrachium'' live in the tropical and subtropical climates on all continents except Europe and Antarctica.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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